Movie Review Of Punch Drunk Love Film Studies Essay

Movie Review Of Punch Drunk Love Film Studies Essay Punch-Drunk Love is a very interesting American comedy directed by Paul Thomas Anderson with Sandler as the protagonist of this film. The detailed description and depiction of the main characters and the keep-changing and aesthetic setting of the story leave me a very deep impression after watching the film. After watching this film, Punch-Drunk Love looks like a sorbet of very strange color and flavor, its sweetness shot through with startling, unexpected taste. The whole story is very humorous, but one can also feel it is always on the verge of a nervous breakdown. Just like Jon Brions schizoid musical scorein the film, which is liltingly romantic one moment and abrasively percussive the next, Punch-Drunk Love is determined to throw you off balance. Sandlers performance keeps you guessing when, where and whether the protagonist, this self-hating, painfully self-conscious man might explode. There is danger lurking under his bland exterior, visible to everyone but Lena, who sees only what? This is the mystery in the whole story, and the key of the problem, at the heart of the movie. You must take Lenas love for Barry on faith, for her character is seriously underwritten. What does she see in the guy? Why would she commit herself to him, rather than have him committed? The bravura filmmaking (theres not a dull shot in the whole movie) dazzles you from start to finish, but the movie is an emotional jigsaw puzzle thats missing a couple of crucial pieces. Anderson has willed Punch-Drunk Love to be a romantic comedy; its powerful undercurrents, however, keep tugging it in other, darker directions, resulting in a movie more amazing than satisfying. In this paper, I am going to review Punch-Drunk Love from these three perspectives by analyzing the characteristics of the protagonists and the scene of the film, aiming to find out the humor and the aesthetic value of this film. At last, since love is the theme of this movie, and the constant theme in most of the American movies, I will try to dig out the romance between Barry and Lena in this film. To some extent, we can say, there are basically three dimensions in this film, that is, humor, aesthetics, and romance. In the next part, I will analyze the three dimensions respectively in detail. First of all, the arrangement and description of the characters in this film completely exhibit the features of a comedy. This is a new Adam Sandler on view in Punch-Drunk Loveangry, sad, and desperate. In voice and mannerisms he is the same childlike, love-starved, and sometimes even a little stupid Adam Sandler weve seen from a series of dim comedies he has acted, but this film, by seeing him in a new light, encourages us to look again at those films. Given a director and a screenplay that sees through the Sandler persona, that understands it as the disguise of a suffering outsider, Sandler reveals depths and tones we may have suspected but couldnt bring into focus. However, from the perspective of the style of the film, this is a comedy, so the performance by Sandler is still very humorous. In this movie, Sandler plays Barry Egan, a fearful, volatile, socially maladroit salesman of novelty plumbing items in the west of America. (His dice-and-money toilet plunger sells big in Vegas ). In this story, Barry always dressed in a formal bright blue suit and wore a tie in the working place. By contrasting with other workers who wore dirty and random clothes corresponding to their work and identity together with him, formal Barry looked very funny. So from the appearance, we can see he is very different from others and there must be some interesting stories will happen to him. And under such a strange looking, what a mental state will be there? What caused his specialty from other fellow workers? Then we get to know that this has something to do with his family circumstances. He had seven sisters, who cared much about him and inferred most of his personal and non-personal things. As a result, he was not spiritually free, for his thoughts and performance were all restrained by his sisters. Let us think about the gender and number proportion, one boy to seven girls! Barry must be very depressed in the process of growing up, and he must feel very lonely. So in this film , we can find out he got a borderline agoraphobe because of the restriction of his seven sisters. Besides the appearance, Barry also had other strange and funny behaviors. Barry lives alone in a sterile Valley apartment, and he is prone to sudden violent outbursts of rage. For instance, he broke the washing room of the restaurant when having meal with Lena and he would not admit that he did that. I believe most of the spectacles will feel amazed when seeing he did that. That is for sure he was ill, since what he did is beyond the imagination of an ordinary person. What is more ridiculous is that Barry obsessed with his scheme to acquire 1.5 million frequent-flier miles by buying a lot of Healthy Choice pudding. All the puddings made everyone surrounding him out for gold. As a result, everybody misunderstood him and laughed at him in his working place. As a matter of fact, he had never been on an airplane and of course he had no intention to travel to other places. So even if he real ly liked Lena, he didnt go to Hawaii with her. The stupid and inconceivable behaviors of the character bring a lot of humor. There is also an interesting plot in this movie, which is also a sparkle in the whole story. About 15 minutes after the movie began, Barry made a phone call the sex hot line, aiming at finding a girl to talk to him and reduce the feeling of loneliness. As the price of this call, he told all his private number to the switchboard operator, including his phone number, credit card number, and his address and so on. But actually, he didnt want to do anything with the girl. No matter how the girl Georgia seduced him with obscenity words, he reacted indifferently and even stupidly. The great contrast of performance between these two persons is quite funny and ridiculous. Whats more unbelievable is Barry was stayed on by the kidnappers hired by the sex phone. That is, until he meets his sisters adorable friend Lena (a luminous Emily Watson), who inspires the love-stru ck Barry to follow her on a business trip to Honolulu. He will also make it to Utah to confront the extortionist (Philip Seymour Hoffman) who has sent four menacing Mormon brothers to threaten his life, all because, one lonely night, he called a sex-phone service and foolishly gave them his credit-card number. All in all, the character acted by Sandler seems very stupid and simple-minded and also a little goosy. All these characteristics increase the index of humor of the whole movie. Another eye-catching point in Punch-Drunk Love is the choice of the scenes. The wise choosing of the scene in the film can add the aesthetic value of the story and the picturesque beauty can make the audience have a better understanding and feeling of the story. Although Punch-Drunk Love is a comedy with humor at the main tone of the whole film, the scenes are also romantic and beautiful in the story. And the transform of the scene quite adapts to the plot and the characters. At the beginning, the scene is in a void and sunny outside place where Barry met his future lover Lena. The sky is very blue and open; the sunshine is very bright; the land is yellow; the car is white; Barry wearing bright blue suit and Lena in red dress met with each other and had an interesting short talk. In such a scene, no body will not imagine a romantic plot even if the hero of the story seems stupid and simple-minded and answered questions with the single sentence I dont know. So this scene of contrastiv e bright colors indicates the future development of the characters. Also there is another clue of the story is the organ. When the protagonists met with each other, there was a organ in the middle of the street. Then Barry took it into his working place. Since then, he would play it from time to time. The coincidence is that the heroin Lena is a woman organist. The appearance of this organ added much romantic flavor to the love story between the hero and heroin. And besides the beauty of picture, there seem some musical signals as well in the story. The other eye-catching setting in this movie is the beach of Honolulu. Although Barry is very afraid of taking the airplane, he flew to Honolulu for his lover Lena. After he arrived there, he called Lena by the public telephone on the street when there was grand gala parade. Barry bared his heart to Lena and asked many private questions on when the grand parade was going on. It was very noisy and we hardly heard clearly what he said. Thi s is where is funny. The big public parade contrast with the private love expression. I thing only Anderson can think of such a contrastive and dramatic plot and scene. Next comes the romantic beach dinner. At dusk, Barry and Lena dated at the beach and had very romantic dinner. The sun had set just now and there was still some rest light of the glorious sun. The ocean was dark blue and very quiet. The local artist played the guitar and sang a beautiful song with Hawaii flavor. The whole atmosphere is so quiet and comfortable. Our protagonists were having the same quiet date in the dark light of a small and weak table lamp. No words is needed at that moment but enjoyed the silence and the beauty of the dusk and the music. But still we know everything without words. Thats why we say the choice of the scenes in this film is a bright spot. And this is also the attractive glamour of the big screen film. At last, I want to say something about the development romantic relationship between the hero and the heroin. I think for most of the audience, they dont know what will be going on next from the very beginning of the film. However, this is also an important factor in the film about love, for the unexpected plot will be more impressive than those old stories. If I am a girl in this film, I would not love Barry, maybe because of all the misunderstandings. He is such a strange man: calling sex girls and arising troubles, buying lots of pudding for free airplane tickets even if he didnt want to have a trip by plane, breaking the washing room of the restaurant without sensation, not knowing how to express love to the girl he loves, etc. yes, that is Barry. But since this is a story in the film, Lena loved him although he was such unbearable. I dont know why and you dont know why, but that is the fact in the film. Maybe this is so-called romance. As a feedback, Barry finally woke from his psychological problem and closed self-world and tried to express love to Lena and adapted to this objective world. Thats why he overcame the fear in his heart and went to Honolulu for Lena by airplane. I think this part may let many girls moved and touched. The ending of this film is also very touching and perfect. Barry and Lena played the organ together in his working place. The scene and the organ both echoed the beginning of their love story. In a word, Punch-Drunk Love is comedy which is humorous, romantic and picturesque. It deserves our review and also other thoughts about humanity and love.

Intercultural communication Essay

Perception in psychology is defined as a process of obtaining information through one’s senses and interpreting that information as something meaningful. Perception can either be programmed into or learnt by a brain, or it can be formed due to one’s culture. Culture based perception is in some way influenced by experiences of culture and environment. For example, a person’s perception of right and wrong may be based on the norms of the society he lives in. Some characteristics of the American culture and their examples Individualism – American youth ‘move out’ to gain independence and to build their lives. Equality – providing equal opportunities to candidates during job recruitment processes. Materialism – the culture of recycling and having garage sales depicts how Americans value material goods and don’t waste resources. Science and technology – strong encouragement for science projects during schooling, and promoting it through movies and television. Progress and change – research and development in various fields is strongly supported by the government, so that the country may continue to be progressive and become a pioneer in every field. Work and leisure – as much importance as work is given in the American culture, there is equal attention paid to leisure and recreation – as is evident through the countless getaways and recreational family parks present in the country. Competition – incentive plans at work, and similar reward systems during education promote the notion of healthy competition among the Americans. Work, Dress, Sex and Status In America, work and productivity are considered important to achieve a high standard of living which is why the annual number of work hours has been increasing every year. Dressing habits tend to be highly informal – concepts like â€Å"Casual Fridays† at work reflect this part of the American culture. Sex education is imparted at an early stage to students to increase awareness about and to minimize sexually transmitted diseases. The culture of discriminating based on social status has been fading out as the notion of equality has started to spread more powerfully. Theories by Hofstede, Hall, Kluckhohn and Strodtbeck to Analyze Culture These theories and the studies that had been conducted by these people, in my opinion, are quite useful in this age of globalization and ever-diminishing boundaries. They highlight the importance of differences in cultures worldwide, while also highlighting the similarities and therefore helping cross-culture psychologists find a common set of human values. Bibliography Mick Underwood (2006) CCMS – Communication studies, Culture studies, Media Studies Infobase by Mick Underwood. Retrieved on February 20, 2007 from: http://www. cultsock. ndirect. co. uk/MUHome/cshtml/index. html Wikipedia (2006) Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved on February 20, 2007 from: http://en. wikipedia. org.

William Glasser

Glasser is an internationally recognized psychiatrist. William Glasser was born in 1925. He was raised in Cleveland, OH. His first profession was a Chemical Engineer but decided to go into psychiatry when it became apparent to him this was his real interest in life. He attended Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland for medical school. At Veterans Administration Hospital he took his psychiatric training also attending UCLA. He became board certified in 1961. He did private practice from 1957 to 1986. Dr. Glasser’s approach is non-traditional.He does not believe in the concept of mental illness unless there is something organically wrong with the brain that can be confirmed by a pathologist. In 1967, he founded The Institute for Reality Therapy. In 1994, The Institute was renamed The Institute for Control Theory, Reality Therapy and Quality Management to reflect the scope of The Institute’s teachings. Two years later it became The William Glasser Institute with Dr. Glasser renaming his theory, choice theory. Initially, The Institute was active only in the United States and Canada but under Dr.Glasser’s direction, his teachings have now spread to many countries (wglasser. com) Glasser is best known for his book Reality Therapy which he wrote in 1965. The idea behind this type of therapy is that people need to meet the basic needs of love both giving and receiving and the need of finding self-worth. A therapy that leads all patients toward reality, toward grappling successfully with the tangible and intangible aspects of the real world, might accurately be simply called Reality Therapy. Glasser 6) Glasser states the in order for us to fulfill our needs we must have one person that we care for and in return cares for us to meet our basic needs. Reality Therapy is based on Choice Theory. Choice theory states that: †¢all we do is behave, †¢that almost all behavior is chosen, and †¢that we are driven by our genes to satisfy fi ve basic needs: survival, love and belonging, power, freedom and fun. There are ten axioms that go along with this theory as well they are all follows: 1. The only person whose behavior we can control is our own. 2.All we can give another person is information. 3. All long lasting psychological problems are relationship problems. 4. The problem relationship is always part of our present life. 5. What happened in the past has everything to do with what we are today, but we can only satisfy or basic needs right now and plan to continue satisfying them in the future. 6. We can only satisfy our needs by satisfying the pictures in our Quality World. 7. All we do is behave. 8. All behavior is Total Behavior and is made up of for components: acting, thinking, feeling, and physiology. . All Total Behavior is chosen, but we only have direct control over the acting and thinking components. We can only control our feeling and physiology indirectly through how we choose to act and think. 10. Al l Total Behavior is designated by verbs and named by the part that is most recognizable. (wglasser. com) Dr. Glasser is semi-retired, but is still a much sought-after speaker nationally and internationally. Some of his many accomplishments are as follows:†¢listed in Who’s Who in America since the 1970s; 1990 – awarded an honorary degree of Doctor of Humane Letters, Honoris Causa from the University of San Francisco; †¢2003 – presented with the ACA Professional Development Award recognizing the significant contributions made to the field of counseling; †¢2004 – presented with the â€Å"A Legend in Counseling Award† by the ACA; †¢January – 2005 presented with the prestigious Master Therapist designation by the American Psychotherapy Association; and finally, †¢2005 – presented with the Life Achievement Award by the International Center for the Study of Psychiatry and Psychology for his enormous influence as a ps ychotherapist and author. wglasser. com) William Glasser’s methods of psychity are very useful. He teaches people to love them self and others. If you have a so called mental illness he tries to get to the under lying cause believing that you only have a mental illness if it can be proven by Drs. Glasser still does speaking about his theories. Works cited 1. William Glasser Institute. Oct. 6, 2009. [www. wglasser. com] 2. Glasser, William. Reality Therapy. New York. Harper& Row 1990.

T.S. Eliot - the Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock and...

How has Eliot used both conventional and Modernist poetic techniques to represent his Modernist concerns? The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock and Preludes expresses Eliot’s Modernist concerns about the lack of morals and values in modern society through the use of personas within the urban landscape and the urban society. Modern man’s lifestyle of repetition of trivial tasks and the lack of meaningful things in life is represented and emphasised through the use of alliteration, metaphor, fragmentation and word choice. The urban landscape is employed by Eliot in Preludes to demonstrate the isolated desertion of a modern city. The use of repetition in â€Å"the showers beat on broken blinds† emphasises the polluted, squalid environment and†¦show more content†¦Eliot expresses his Modernist concern of the subtle, harmful nature of the urban landscape through repetition and the metaphor of â€Å"the yellow fog that rubs its back upon the window-panes†. The fog is compared to a stray cat, crafting and cunning, attempting to get into the house, the intrusive nature of pollution is emphasised by this. Prufrock is overwhelmed by the urban environment and society and attempts to escape through his fantasy, â€Å"we have lingered in the chambers of the sea† but the modern landscape proves inescapable and Prufrock is swallowed by the demands and expectations of society, â€Å"till human voices wake us and we drown.† The modern society is also used by Eliot to express his Modernist concerns of the lack of meaning and values in life, the superficiality of society and the lack of individuality of the people. In Preludes, fragmentation is used to demonstrate the broken views of the people of modern society who can no longer see themselves in a wholistic way. Fragmentation is shown through enjambment to create broken stanzas to disorientate readers, emphasising the confusions of society. Eliot intentionally refers to the people of the city only as â€Å"eyes† and â€Å"feet† and refers to the people collectively, â€Å"one thinks of all the hand that are raising dingy shades in a thousand furnished rooms† and the people with â€Å"all its muddy feet that press to early coffeeShow MoreRelated T.S Eliot’s Preludes and The Love Song of J.Alfred. Prufrock, are examples1059 Words   |  5 PagesT.S Eliot’s Preludes and The Love Song of J.Alfred. Prufrock, are examples of modernist poetry which illustrate the concerns of modernist poets. Explain how the poetry you have studied reflects some of the major concerns of its context? In your answer refer closely to two poems by T.S. Eliot. T.S Eliot’s Preludes and The Love Song of J.Alfred. Prufrock, are examples of modernist poetry which illustrate the concerns of modernist poets. The modern era, which lasted between 1885 to 1940Read MoreDisillusionment and Rebellion in Modernism1502 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"The importance of Modernism was in its ability to unite the masses by illuminating common feelings of disillusionment and rebellion through artistic forms.† Argue with reference to two poems of T.S Eliot and one additional text of you choosing. Rebellion and Disillusionment were fundamental feelings expressed by Western society in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. They came about as a result of a myriad of factors including; industrialisation, urbanisation, technological advances, militaristicRead MoreEliot s Poetry Of A Divided Mind2445 Words   |  10 Pagesthe poetry of T.S. Eliot. Exploding onto the poetic scene in 1915, Eliot and his friend Ezra Pound were at the forefront of the modernist movement. They reacted strongly against the traditional techniques of the Georgians and others who came before them, who seemed to the modernists to be attempting to represent the modern world in a style that was no longer adequate. Following the scientific developments of Darwin and the rising crisis of confidence in religious oxthodoxy, modernism aimed itself

Animal Experimentation Should Not Be Banned - 857 Words

There is failure in not spreading information more wisely. Fact is most people ignore or do not know the real meaning about animal experimentation. Animal experimentation is the use of animals, mostly monkeys, on research. Reason being as to why monkeys is because monkeys are far more intelligent than other animals. Animals are stripped from the environment and are tested on so scientists can make products safe for humans. The big problem is that it is inhumane. Animal experimentation should and needs to be stopped because it is cruel, unethical, and not reliable. Having scientists test on animals is cruel. The truth is that humans are sometimes are abusive to animals or pets in general almost every day. But in this case animals like monkeys and rats are being locked in cages for quite some time. Scientists inject animals with different substances to see and record everything that happens. They test to see how it affects them or if it will kill them. Scientists test the pr oducts so that they are safe for humans to use such as medicine, toothpaste, hair care products, and make-up. Past research during 1983 describes about an accident that occurred at the University of Pennsylvania that caused the project to be stopped. More than one hundred baboons endured severe head and brain damage because of a hydraulic that ended up hitting them (Wright Hoagland, 2016, para. 4). So even in extreme cases the animals can get extremely hurt as well. If locking up animalsShow MoreRelatedAnimal Experimentation Should Be Banned1426 Words   |  6 Pagesjudged by the way its animals are treated.† - Mahatma Gandhi. These famous words still ring true in today’s society as we struggle to overcome the scientific experimentation on animals. Animals have acted as the archstone of human civilization since the dawn of man, from a source of food, to companionship. However, in the past century, we have been blurring the line between environmental entitlement an d environmental rape. Every member of the human race interacts and depends on animals, and we owe themRead MoreAnimal Experimentation Should Be Banned874 Words   |  4 PagesAnimal Testing Animal experimentation has been used to test different chemicals in the cosmetic industry. These type of experiments have been banned in many places but are still occurring in countries such as Canada, United States, and Australia (Cole). Thousands of mice, pigs, rats, and rabbits die every year in the United States alone. In this paper, I argue that animal experimentation should be banned all over the world because it’s unreliable, cruel, and there are other options for testingRead MoreAnimal Testing Should Be Banned Animals For Operations For The Purpose Of Experimentation Or Scientific Research? 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These tests should be banned for many obvious reasons such as it is clearly cruel and inhumane, they cost more than alternative methods, and they do not predict an accurate result due to the anatomical differences. Animals are being unfairly tortured and killed for research on ingredients that people are unknowingly using in their everyday lives. Here’s an important question to consider;Read MoreAnimal Experiments Or Torture?924 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"experiments.† This is the life many animals in biomedical research are forced to live . Nowadays, most of the animal experiments are conducted on mice, rats, fish, and other animals that are excluded from the Animal Welfare Act of 1966. Animal experiments cause psychological and physical harm to the animals with a complete lack of respect for their quality of life which is why they must be banned. The effect that biomedical research experiments have on these animals is detrimental. According to the

Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice - 1061 Words

To Be or Not to Be People are often seen basing their lives off of society’s standards. Many writers criticizes the influence that society has over its members. The romantic novelist Jane Austen satirizes her society and those who follow it. One of her most famous works, Pride and Prejudice, is a great example of this satire. Throughout the novel she explores the effects of society through her characters. In Jane Austen’s novel Pride and Prejudice, she divulges the central theme of society and social class through the characters Elizabeth Bennet, Mr. Darcy, and Lady Catherine. The first character that Austen uses to analyze this theme is Elizabeth Bennet. Austen describes Elizabeth as â€Å"uncommonly intelligent† (qtd. in Auerbach 135).†¦show more content†¦She speaks in a peremptory voice because of her place in society. Austen mocks the â€Å"hyper- class-conscious† aristocracy through Lady Catherine’s character (1). Lady Catherine depends on social status order for a sense of security and self-worth. Lady Catherine refuses to tolerate Elizabeth’s stubbornness, independent thoughts, and desire to marry Darcy (Auerbach 140). She feels that a union formed between Elizabeth and Mr. Darcy threatens the security that her status provides. Lady Catherine exclaims, â€Å"[F]or do not expect to be noticed by his family and friends, if you wilfully act against the inclinations of all. You will be censured, slighted, and despised, by everyone connected with him. Your alliance will be a disgrace; your name will never be mentio ned by any of us (Austen 305). She refuses to recognize the individuality and expects everyone to follow the mold created by the society. Seth Cassel explains that â€Å"Lady Catherine’s proud status- oriented character primarily helps establish Elizabeth as a strong-willed individual†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (1). Elizabeth does not let Lady Catherine’s prejudice destroy her pride or happiness. In summary, Jane Austen explores the theme of society and social class in Pride and Prejudice. Critics claim: Pride and Prejudice contains many elements of social realism, and it focuses on the merging of the bourgeoisie and the aristocracy during the era of the Napoleonic wars and at the beginningShow MoreRelatedJane Austens Pride and Prejudice2020 Words   |  9 PagesJane Austens Pride and Prejudice Jane Austen was born on December 16, 1775 to the Reverend George Austen and his wife in Hampshire, England. The sixth child out of the seven, Jane was educated mostly at her home although she and her sister, Cassandra, were sent away to school for several years when they were young. Austen wrote several novels when she was in her teens, but her major works were written later on in her life. 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For example, compares â€Å"pride† to â€Å"vanity,† a wordRead More Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice Essay2080 Words   |  9 PagesJane Austens Pride and Prejudice It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife Jane Austen used this quote to open her second book, Pride and Prejudice, which was first published in 1813. This is a story of the attitudes towards love and marriage in the nineteenth century, through the eyes of a number of people in different family situations and levels of society. It explores what was socially acceptable and Read MoreEssay on Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice993 Words   |  4 PagesJane Austens Pride and Prejudice In this essay I will be exploring the first chapter of the novel Pride and Prejudice in terms of how successful it is as an opening chapter and what it tells us about the rest of the story. 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The trial of State of Arizona vs. Jodi Arias is being tried in the Mauricio County Superior Court (Criminal Court Case Information Case History, 2014); the following paper outlines the process that follows in the criminal investigation up to the final stage. Eave listened to nearly 12 hours of testimony from the key players that I have listed, from the courthouse in Mauricio County. When this particular case first was reported I remember finding it very interesting and was following the progress for some time.I recently became aware that this trial is still in the final sentencing after numerous jury dismissals, mistrials, hung jury, allegations Of perjury, prosecution wrongdoing, and defense cover-ups. Background On June 4 2008, Travis Alexander a 30-year-old businessman who lived in Mesa, Arizona was murdered in his home, found almost a week later on June , 2008, on the floor Of his stand up shower (Jodi Arias Murder Case: Timeline Of Events, 2014) . Almost immediately, a person of interest was identified, by the Mesa Police Department when she called the detective that was assigned the case (Jodi Arias Trial: Day 2: 1 of 2: Evidence Reviewed (no Sidebars), 2013). Jodi Arias, 28 year old, photographer, and former girlfriend of Travis Alexander, called Estates Floors twice, first leaving a message and second leaving a message with a receptionist who notified Floors of the call. Jodi Arias was originally indicted on first-degree murder by the grand jury onJuly 9, 2008, and arrested on July 15, and plead not guilty on September 1 1, 2008. Initially Jodi told police that she was not in Mesa, AZ on the day of the murder, and later said that two intruders had broken in to the home of Alexander, attacking her and murdering Alexander, finally two years after Jodi Arias arrest she pleaded guilty of self-defense, claiming she was a victim of domestic violence (M itchier, 2013). After 4 and h years with the murder, trial starting January 2 201 3 continues, and the media coverage has not lessened.The Mauricio County Superior Court with Judge Sherry Stephens presiding ever the very gruesome case, perpetrated by one very calculating defendant who has admitted killing Travis Alexander after he became enraged that she dropped his newly purchased digital camera and in self-defense, stabbed him over 29 times, and shot him, and slit his neck, now goes into the sentencing ph ase after numerous juror dismissals, and accusations of prosecutor mishandling, and defense cover ups. This trial and the defense of Jodi Arias has a total price tag of over 2. Million that rests on the taxpayers of Arizona (Kraft, 2015). Lifetime aired Jodi Arias Dirty Little Secrets, Exposed Secret Life Of Jodi Arias, authored by Jane-Valve Mitchell, made its debut in hard back, paper back and audio download on August 20, 2013 thru Amazon (Mitchell, 2013). Discovery and Investigation A burglary that was reported at the residence of Jodi Arias grandparents, where she was residing revealed that among items stolen and never recovered was a . 25-caliber gun.Jodi Arias rented a car 100 miles from her grandparents residence on June 2 and drove the car from Redding California over 2,800 miles telling the rental company she would be using the rental locally. When Jodi Arias returned the mental car on June 7, it was missing floor mats, and had stains on the front and back seats upholstery (Kefir, 2014). Travis Alexander voice mail had been accessed on June 5, which supported her account that she had called and left several vocalism messages (Mitchell, 2013).On June 4 2008, Alexander missed a conference call and a group of friends went to Alexander home. Roommates Unripe Cortez and Zachary Billings communicated that Alexander was Out of town, but found a master bedroom key and entered the room only to find the mutilated body of Travis in the sh ower, Amanda McBride girlfriend of Zachary Billings made the 911 call to authorities, which set the case into motion (Mitchell, 2013). Stalking and slashed tires, along with Backbone stalking was one of the accusations that was conveyed to investigators against Jodi Arias according to the victim she was an ex-girlfriend (Mitchell, 2013). A spent . 25-caliber round was discovered near the body of Travis Alexander, later determined by the Medical Examiner Kevin Horn, came from the weapon that caused the probable fatal injury to Alexander head (Jodi Arias Trial : Day 2: 1 Of 2 : Evidence Reviewed (no Sidebars), 2013).On June 5, Jodi visited Ryan Burns in Utah, and spent some hours hugging ND kissing. Arias had some obvious cuts on her hands that Jodi had explained away with an incident at a restaurant that she claimed she was working (Mitchell, 2013). In April 2008, Alexander asked to substitute Jodi Arias with Marie Mimi Hall to travel with him to Cancan, Mexico on June 1 0, 2008, for a business trip While the investigators searched the home of Alexander, a digital camera was found in the washing machine (Jodi Arias T rial: Day 2: 1 of 2: Evidence Reviewed (no Sidebars), 2013).Although the camera was damaged the forensic team was able to recover images that apparently had been deleted wowing Alexander and Arias taken on June 4th at 1 pm up to 5:30 pm that indicate the victim was alive up to 5:29 pm and revealing that the victim was no longer living after 5:30 pr -? with a graphic image of Travis bleeding profusely on the floor of the bathroom, although the body looked as if it had been rinsed off (Mitchell, 2013). Sheets and blankets had been stripped from the bed; the hallway had blood smears and one bloody palm print on the hallway wall. All roommates and friends were all ruled out as suspects. Latent print experts were able to retrieve a bloody handprint from the hallway of the bathroom that contained he DNA of both Arias and Alexander (Mitchell, 2013). The grand jury indicted Jodi Arias on July 9; Jodi was arrested on July 15 and extradited to Arizona on September 5 for first-degree murder of Travis Alexander.On September 1 1, Jodi Arias pleaded not guilty (Mitchell, 2013). Key Players Jodi Arias (Defendant) Travis Alexander (Victim) Estates Floors (Investigating Detective Mesa, AZ Police Department) Judge Sherry Stephens -? (Presiding Judge) Bill Montgomery (Mauricio County Attorney) Juan Martinez (Prosecution Attorney) Kirk Inurn (Defense Attorney) Jennifer Willow (Defense Attorney) Kevin Horn (Medical Examiner)Daryl Brewer (former BE of Arias) Daniel Freeman (Friend of Alexander) Lesli e Alkyd (Friend of Arias) Gus Search (Arias mentor) Beth Hawkins (Arias Babysitter) Richard Samuels (Psychologist on behalf of Arias) Alice Levitate (Psychotherapist on behalf of Arias) Amelia Invoice (Juror 5 dismissed prejudicial comments) Jansen Demarcate (clinical psychologist -? rebuttal Of defense) Dry. Robert Gaffer (psychologist defense witness) Amanda Webb, (Walter employee prosecution witness) (Jodi Arias Murder -renal: Key Players, 2013). Retrial IQ testing was ordered May 2009, to show that Jodi Arias was competent to stand trial. A motion was denied to disqualify Mauricio County Attorneys Office April 2010 (Murder of Travis Alexander, 2014). On June 2010 over 8,000 emails from Alexander were turned over to Kirk Inurn and Jean infer Willow by Estates Floors (Murder of Travis Alexander, 2014). Arizona Rules of Criminal Procedures was amended to change the last day the State could seek the death penalty in capital cases from 18 months to 24 months after arraignment, in December 201 0(Mitchell, 2013).Kirk Inurn and Jennifer Willow initially stated to Juan Martinez that there were no text messages sent or received by Alexander, and were ordered to urn over several hundred, after their initial statement in January 2011 detailed in a defense filing(Murder Of Travis Alexander, 2014). Jury Selection Commencement of the trial at the Mauricio County Superior Court with Judge Sherry K. Stephens presiding started on December 10 , 2012. Jury selection started on December 20, with arguments against Juan Martinez that he was displaying bias toward jurors that were African-American women. Judge Stephens ruled there was no bias exhibited by the prosecuting attorney (Murder of Travis Alexander, 2014). Guilt Phase In Arizona on day 1 6 the members of the jury were allowed to ask questions Arizona is one of a few states that allow the jury to ask questions thru the judge to the witness (Mitchell, 2013).Judge Stephens was monotone and neutral in her responses. Juan Martinez sought the death penalty (Mitchell, 2013). Arias three separate accounts of what occurred on the day that Alexander was murdered were as follows: first she stated that she had not seen Travis Alexander since April 2008, second intruders that she referred to as ninjas because they Wore ski masks, third and final account Was she killed Alexander in self-defense after he became enraged following her dropping his camera.This was completely damaging to Arias credibility to both the jurors and the prosecuting attorney, which completed the guilt phase of the trial Richard Samuels testified on behalf of the defense for 6 days starting March 14, that Arias was most probably suffering from PETS (Murder of Travis Alice Levitate testified on behalf of the defense beginning on March 26, stating that Arias was a victim of domestic abuse. The jury posed approximately 1 60 credibility questions for Levitate (Murder of Travis Jansen Demarcate testified on behalf of the prosecution countering that Arias id not suffer from PETS or amnesia, but displayed signs of immaturity, unstable sense of identity and borderline personality disorder (Kefir, 2014). Amanda Webb, was called to testify on April 24th, for the prosecution, regarding the testimony from Arias that she had returned a gas can on June 3rd the same day she had purchased it at Walter, there was no record of any return by Arias on that day or the following week (Murder of Travis The last defense witness called Dry.Robert Gaffer testified that the testimony and diagnosis of Jansen Demarcate was inaccurate, stating that the sets given to Arias since her arrest pointed to an anxiety disorder from trauma. Dry. Jill Hayes, argued that the statement from Dry. Robert Gaffer regarding the IMP test was not capable of detecting borderline personality disorder (Murder of Travi s Alexander, 2014).The guilt phase of the trial included the 18 days of Arias testimony, which did not help her case in the retaining of the jury, subsequent juror dismissals for misconduct, health reasons, and felonies charges that had not been disclosed, led to defense seeking a mistrial which was denied by Judge Sherry Stephens (Murder Of Travis Alexander, 2014). Closing arguments by defense Kirk Inurn and Jennifer Willow on May 4, stated premeditation did not make sense, against Juan Martinez claiming manslaughter (Murder Of Travis Alexander, 2014).The 12 jurors went into deliberation on May 8 2013 and 15 hours later, five jurors found Arias guilty of first-degree premeditated murder, and seven jurors found her guilty of both felony murder and first-degree premeditated murder (Murder of Travis Alexander, 2014). Aggravation Phase Starting on May 1 5 2013 required Juan Martinez to convince the jury that Arias was indeed eligible for the death penalty due to the cruel, heinous, and r depraved act that had been committed. Kevin Horn was the only witness to testify in the Aggravation Phase.Kirk Inurn and Jennifer Willow argued repeatedly that Alexander may not have felt much pain due to the extreme adrenaline which was not convincing to the jury, or Juan Martinez with only a matter of less than 3 hours of deliberation the jury returned their ver dict for the death penalty (Murder Of Travis Alexander, 2014). Penalty Phase Juan Martinez called upon Alexander family on May 16 2013 to submit victim impact statements in an attempt to persuade the jury that the crime Arias committed warranted the death sentence (Murder of Travis Jodi Arias pleaded to the jury on May 21 2013, for life vs. death penalty. Judge Sherry Stephens was forced to pronounce a mistrial for the sentencing phase. On May 23rd 2013, 8 jurors voted for death penalty while 4 jurors vote for life sentence resulting in a hung, jury (Roberts, 2015). Sentencing Retrial Bill Montgomery (Mauricio County Attorney) discussed the next steps on May 30 2013 in a news conference regarding the seating of an impartial jury and the possibility of the victims family agreeing to a life sentence with no areole (Murder Of Travis Alexander, 2014). October 6, 2013 alai,n. Errs began the prospective jurors for the penalty phase retrial. Appeals Numerous attempts to appeal due to actions during all phases of the trial were brought up to show that the witnesses either perjured themselves therefore throwing out the right to fair and just trial for Jodi Arias. Mistrials were filed in January, April and May of 201 3 (Lour, 2013). Appellate Division of Supreme Court Supreme Court-? The Arizona Supreme Court declined to hear an appeal from everybodys favorite victim, Jodi Arias, on why she should be allowed to weave her tale Of woe in riveter(Roberts, 2015).Jurisdictional rules and interpretation issues PHOENIX (AP) ; The judge in the Jodi Arias murder trial declared a mistrial in the penalty phase Thursday after the jury reported for a second time that it was deadlocked on whether to sentence her to life in prison or death for killing her boyfriend in 2008(Arizona: Jurors Deadlock On Jodi Arias penalty, 2013). Under Arizona law, a hung jury in the death penalty phase of a trial requires a new jury to be seated to decide the punishment.Fifth second jury cannot reach a unanimous decision, the judge would then sentence Arias to spend re entire life in prison or be eligible for release after 25 years. The judge cannot sentence Arias to death (Arizona: Jurors Deadlock On Jodi Arias Penalty, 2013). However, if the prosecutor decides not to pursue the death penalty a second timer the judge would then sentence Arias to one of the life in prison options, and the trial would come to a conclusion(Arizona: Jurors Deadlock On Jodi Arias penalty, 2013). KEEP-TV Channel 12 v. Stephens, NO. 1 CA-AS 14-0213 (Razz. CT. APP. DCE. 16, 2014), the Arizona Court of Appeals addressed a challenge to the closing of the penalty phase Of a murder trial to the press and the public. On January 26, 201 5, the court vacated the closure order. Citing that Clear and Present Danger must exist to exclude the press and public (Arizona: Jurors Deadlock On Jodi Arias Penalty, 2013). Evolving technologies effects This is one of the largest media cases wave had at Superior Court, said Media Relations Director Karen Array. We have three rows of local and national reporters tweeting and taking notes with laptops, phones and tablets. Also, the media room in the back of the courtroom is filled to capacity. lionesses TV, the designated pool camera, is broadcasting the trial vie gavel-to-gavel, and local media outlets are streaming the trial on their news websites. CBS 48 Hours aired their show last week. Court Systems (State V Jodi Arias: Media Coverage, 2015). State-Level Superior Courts Trial Courts of limited jurisdiction, is the first level within the State Court System, which includes Magistrates Court Municipal Court The types of cases heard in Municipal court commonly are divided in to 4 categories Motor vehicle and traffic laws Disorderly and disorderly persons offenses Fish and Game laws, Parks and Forests, Weights and Measures, SPEC, and Boating Regulations Violations of municipal ordinances (local laws) (Guide To Municipal Court, n. D. ). Police Court Justice Court District Court- SIS district courts are trial courts of the federal court system.Within limits set by Congress and the Constitution, the district courts have jurisdiction to hear nearly all categories of federal cases, including both civil and criminal matters (District Courts, n. D. ). Limited Jurisdiction Court Juvenile Court City Court Small Claims Court Federal District Courts District Court Federal trial courts are termed district courts. Trial courts hear cases first. Evidence presented by both sides including witnesses, will be decided on either by judge or jury.Trial Courts of General Jurisdiction are the second level within the Court System and the following courts are included: Circuit Court a mutable court where sessions are held in different locations for AAA specified period of time whereas the presiding judge rides the circuit, from city to city and the court moves with the judge. Formerly, the Federal District Courts of Appeal were called the Circuitous o f Appeal (Circuit Court, 2015). Superior Court (the Judicial Branch Of Arizona Mauricio County, 2014).Court Of General Sessions -? entrusted with a wide-ranging jurisdiction and is ordinarily the publics beginning to the judicial process. Each of the eleven divisions of the Metropolitan General Sessions Courts maintains an elected judge. Criminal and civil matters are ruled on by one of the eleven judges that rotates every week, between civil and criminal schedules. The General Sessions Courts are served by two different Clerks (General Sessions Civil Division, 2015). Court of Common Pleas This type of court is a trial court, that was created so that citizens loud go to court or file a claim against someone without involving the King.There are Court of Common Pleas in South Carolina, Delaware, Pennsylvania, New York, New Jersey and Ohio (Court Of Common Pleas, 2015). Supreme Court (New York) -? New York states court of last resort. The court traces its origins to the year 1691 and is one of the oldest continuously-serving courts of general jurisdiction in the United States (Supreme Court, Civil Branch, New York County, 2014). Appellate Court is the third level in the Court System and includes the following courts: Superior Court (The Judicial Branch Of Arizona Mauricio County, 2014).Court of Appeals Each of the 12 regional circuits within the 94 judicial districts has a court of appeals. The court of appeals will hear appeals within the district, and appeals of Federal agencies, special cases for the Federal Circuit involving patent, International Trade and Court of Federal Claims (Court Of Appeals, n. D. ). Intermediate Appellate Courts and Supreme Courts- Federal appellate courts are called courts of appeals. Cases can be further appealed to the U. S. Supreme Court. If either party disagrees with the decision in the trial court, they can appeal, asking a Geiger court to review the decision. The Difference Between Trial Courts And Appellate Courts, 2015). U. S. Supreme Court Referred to as the Courts of Last Resort the fourth level in the court system contains the following courts: Court of Appeals As a district court within the circuit rulings in this court will affect all people within the district circuit. No new evidence is presented, the judge(s) simply review the materials from the original trial and determine whether the lower court made the correct legal decision (The Difference Between Trial Courts And Appellate Courts, 2015).Supreme Judicial Court University of Phoenix, 2009). Conclusion The structure of the Criminal Justice including the Judicial Court system historically has been a work in progress, citizens were bound to the rules and laws regulating the British Colonies, reform only started after the American Revolution. The compilation of police, citizens, courts, prison officials, and federal and state officials is the method that has been adopted by the united States, which has protected citizens rights at the same time and gave a new sense of independence from Britain.Reducing the death penalty to three crimes that consisted of murder, reason and some forms of arson New York was the first state to stop public executions (The Early Years Of American Law Colonial Freedo m, BritainS Push For Greater Control, 2015). In 2004, the New York Court of Appeals held that a portion of the states death penalty law was unconstitutional. In 2007, they ruled that their prior holding applied to the last remaining person on the states death row. The legislature has voted down attempts to restore the statute (Death Penalty Information Center, 2015).